Computer - Hardware Components

A Fill in the blanks.

  1. A computer is a machine that can perform a variety of operations in accordance with a set of instructions called program.
  2. Computer works with an interaction of hardware and software.
  3. CPU is called the brain of computer.
  4. The hardware parts that are installed within the CPU cabinet are called internal hardware.
  5. The motherboard is a sheet of plastic that holds all the circuitry to connect various components of a CPU.

B State whether the following statements are true or false.

  1. Hardware is of no use unless it is provided with instructions and data for storage and processing. TRUE
  2. A sound card is one of the most essential parts of a computer system. FALSE
  3. DRAM is costlier but has higher speed than SRAM. FALSE
  4. A drum scanner is the one which uses a photomultiplier tube (PMT) to scan images. TRUE
  5. One CD can store 600 - 1150 MB data on it. FALSE

C Choose the correct answer.

  1. A blue-ray disk can hold up to ________ GB of data.
    a) 128 GB
    b) 128 TB
    c) 128 MB
    d) 128 KB
  2. The capacity of DVD ranges from ________ to ________.
    a) 4 GB, 8 GB
    b) 4.7 GB, 8.5 GB
    c) 4.7 MB, 8.5 MB
    d) 4.5 GB, 8.7 GB
  3. ________ are vacuum tubes which are extremely sensitive to light.
    a) Diodes
    b) Transistors
    c) Photomultiplier tubes
    d) ICs
  4. ________ are known for their high resolution and are used in the publishing industry.
    a) Scanners
    b) Handheld scanners
    c) Flatbed scanners
    d) Drum scanners
  5. The process which translates analog signals into digital signals is called ________.
    a) demodulation
    b) modulation
    c) static conversion
    d) dynamic conversion

D Name the following.

  1. Box-shaped device connected to the serial port of a computer externally. External MODEM
  2. Electronic device designed to disperse the heat generated by the CPU. Heat Sink
  3. Port developed by Apple. Firewire Port
  4. Port that connects to a network and high-speed Internet. Ethernet Port
  5. Two types of scanners. Handheld Scanner and Flatbed Scanner

E Define the following terms.

  1. Hardware: It refers to the physical components of a computer.
  2. Software: It refers to programs needed to operate a computer.
  3. MODEM: It is a data communication equipment that translates between digital signals and analog signals.
  4. Port: It is a connection between a computer and an external/internal device.
  5. Video Graphics Array: VGA port is the main interface between computers and older CRT monitors.
  6. Scanner: It is an input device that reads text, photographs, graphics from paper and converts them into bit patterns for processing, storage, or output.
  7. Pen-Drive: It is a small storage device that can be attached through USB port. It can store large amount of data.
  8. Blue-Ray Disk: It is a disk similar to a CD/DVD that can hold up to 128 GB of data. Blue laser is used to read this disk.

F Answer the following questions.

  1. Discuss the features of three types of mouse and printers.
    The three types of mouse are:
    a) Mechanical mouse: It has a rubber/metal ball that can roll in all directions. A mechanical sensor detects the movement of the ball.
    b) Optomechanical mouse: It uses optical sensor to detect the movement of the ball.
    c) Optical mouse: It doesn't have a moving ball. It uses laser beam to detect the movement.
    The three types of printers are:
    a) Dot Matrix Printer: It is an impact printer. It is slow and noisy, but economical, reliable and durable.
    b) Inkjet Printer: It is a non-impact printer. Printing is done by spraying ink on paper. They are faster and more expensive than dot matrix printer.
    c) Laser Printer: It is a non-impact printer that uses laser beams to print on paper. They are faster and more expensive than inkjet printers.
  2. Discuss the technology of modem. Also describe the difference between internal modem and external modem.
    A modem is a data communication equipment that converts between digital and analog signals. The internal modem is installed inside the CPU case. The external modem is placed outside the computer.
  3. Describe the keys of a keyboard.
    a) Typing keys consists of alphabets, digits, punctuation marks and special symbols.
    b) Control keys to perform a specific action.
    c) Function keys are 12 in number. They perform specific functions.
    d) Navigation keys to move through the document.
    e) Numeric keys consists of numbers and arithmetic operators.
  4. Differentiate between the following:
    (a) Sound card and video card
    Sound card is a component used to receive and send sound.
    Video card is used to generate video output on the screen.
    (b) RAM and ROM
    RAM is a volatile memory.
    ROM is a permanent memory.
    (c) SMPS and Heat Sink
    SMPS ensures safe running of power consuming appliances.
    Heat Sink disperses heat generated by the CPU.
  5. Write short notes on the following:
    (a) Ports and its types.
    Ports are connections between a computer and an internal/external device. Examples: Serial port, Parallel port, PS/2 port, USB port, VGA port, Firewire port, Ethernet port.
    (b) Motherboard
    A motherboard is a sheet of plastic that holds all the circuitry to connect various components of a computer system.
    (c) Scanner and its types.
    A scanner reads text, photographs, graphics from paper and converts it into bit patterns.
    Types of scanners:
    a. Drum scanner
    b. Handheld scanner
    c. Flatbed scanner

Quick Check

Fill in the blanks.

  1. A computer processes input data and provides information as output.
  2. The most important piece of hardware in a computer is the CPU, often referred to as the 'brain' of the computer.
  3. RAM is a type of memory that is considered volatile because it is erased when the computer is switched off.
  4. A sound card is used in computers to receive and send audio, converting digital audio data into analog audio for playback.
  5. A heat sink is used to disperse the heat generated by the CPU to improve the performance and reliability.

Choose True or False for the following statements.

  1. A keyboard consists of four types of keys: typing keys, control keys, function keys, and numeric keypad. False
  2. The primary function of a mouse is to enter text and type on a computer. False
  3. Optical mice have mechanical moving parts, such as a rolling ball, to detect movement on a mouse pad. False
  4. A light pen is a pointing device used to choose objects or commands on a screen by pressing it against the surface of the screen. True

Match the columns.

  1. Dot-matrix printer→Works like a typewriter with striking paper and ink ribbon.
  2. Inkjet printer→Prints by spraying ink line by line on paper.
  3. Laser printer→Utilizes laser beams to print on paper, with superior print quality.
  4. CD-R→Writes data once, cannot be changed or deleted.
  5. Blu-ray Disk→Uses blue laser for higher data density storage.

Extra Questions

  1. ALU: Arithmetic Logic Unit
  2. CD: Compact Disk
  3. CD-R: Compact Disk Recordable
  4. CD-RW: Compact Disk Rewritable
  5. CU: Control Unit
  6. CRT: Cathode Ray Tube
  7. DOS: Disk Operating System
  8. DPI: Dots Per Inch
  9. DTP: Desktop Publishing
  10. DVD: Digital Versatile Disk
  11. EEPROM: Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory
  12. EPROM: Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory
  13. LCD: Liquid Crystal Display
  14. LED: Light Emitting Diode
  15. MODEM: Modulation Demodulation
  16. MU: Memory Unit
  17. PMT: Photomultiplier Tube
  18. PROM: Programmable Read Only Memory
  19. SMPS: Switched Mode Power Supply
  20. USB: Universal Serial Bus
  21. VDU: Visual Display Unit
  22. VGA: Video Graphics Array
  23. A video card is also known as a graphics card.
  24. RAM is a read/write type of memory.
  25. DRAM has to be refreshed after every few milliseconds.
  26. SRAM need not be refreshed.
  27. ROM is a non-volatile memory.
  28. EPROM can be erased using ultraviolet light.
  29. EEPROM can be erased using high voltage current.
  30. The most common type of disk drive is a hard drive.
  31. A serial port transmits one bit of data at a time over a communication line.
  32. PS/2 port is also called mouse port.
  33. External hardware are also called peripherals.
  34. Input devices feed information.
  35. Keyboard is the most common and essential input device.
  36. QWERTY keyboard has 105 keys.
  37. Handheld scanners are used in shopping stores.
  38. A digital camera stores data in the form of still and video images.
  39. An inkjet printer has a print resolution of around 360 DPI.
  40. The screen of a monitor is made up of tiny dots called pixels.
  41. A projector displays computer images on a large screen.
  42. A hard disk is also known as a fixed disk.
  43. A hard disk can store data up to 8 TB of data.
  44. CD is an optical storage device.
  45. A CD can store 650 to 750 MB of data.
  46. A CD is 13 cm in diameter.
  47. A DVD is also called digital video disk.
  48. A pen drive is also known as a flash drive.
  49. SMPS contain in-built fans. True
  50. The speed of ethernet port is 10 to 1000 megabits per second. True
  51. The three components of a CPU are: ALU, CU and MU.

Comments

Post a Comment